Nahin Imtiaz

Mode of Communication in the 21^st Century:

Description of a Digital Cell Phone and Its Components

A cell phone is a portable device that uses a digital transmission technology to can make and receive calls over a radio frequency link while the user is moving within a telephone service area. In addition to receiving and making calls, a digital cell phone can also support a variety of other services, such as text messaging, Multimedia Messaging Service, email, Internet access, short-range wireless communications using Bluetooth and digital photography. Common components in a digital cell phone are display, CPU, antenna, battery, keyboards, SIM cards speaker, microphone, and camera.

Display: A display is an electronic device that gives a visual presentation of what the user is typing, displays text messages, contacts, images and more. Two types of displays are found on most modern cell phones which are Liquid Crystal Display or LCD and Light Emitting Diode Display. LED Display is a screen display technology that uses a panel of LED as the light source. An LCD is made of two pieces of polarized glass that contain a liquid crystal material between them. A backlight creates light that passes through the first substrate. At the same time, electrical currents cause the liquid crystal molecules to align to allow varying levels of light to pass through to the second substrate and create the colors and images.

Central Processing Units: Central Processing Units, mostly known as CPUs, is an electronic circuit that executes instructions of the computer program. It performs arithmetic operations, logic operations, and input and output operations invoked by the user or the computer program. A CPU is consisted of millions of transistors where electricity is used to turn off and on the transistors to create binary signals through which logic activities are performed.

Antenna: An antenna is a metallic element engineered to be a specific size and shape for transmitting and receiving specific frequencies of radio waves. Cell phones contain radio antenna in order to transmit or receive radio signals. Radio waves transport data in the form of electromagnetic field (EMF). An antenna converts an electric signal to the radio wave (transmitter) and vice versa (receiver).

Battery: A battery is a device that uses chemical reactions to store electricity from a power source and discharge them to operate other components of a device. Batteries can be recharged many hundreds of times. Batteries are an important part of a cellphone through which every component of cell phone such as display and CPU  operate.

Keyboard: A keyboard is a panel of keys that operate a cellphone. These keys work as electronic switches and send commands to CPU to run logic operations. Keyboard keys have characters and signs engraved on them and different keys perform different commands. Some cellphones use virtual keyboards where a touch sensitive display is used to display a virtual keyboard and depending on where the user touches on the screen, it can perform similar commands like a physical keyboard.

SIM Card: SIM cards or Subscriber Identity Module is plastic device with a chip attached to it. This chip has a unique ID and connects the cell phone to a mobile phone network. It separates different cell phones from the networks. SIM card also stores information’s such as names and telephone numbers.

Microphone: Microphone is a small device that turns radio waves into electricity. Microphone is used to record sound and transmit users voice to the receiver. It has a diaphragm with a coil and magnet attached. The magnet produces magnetic field and when the coil vibrates it creates electric current flows. Microphone is used to record sound and transmit users voice to the receiver.

Speaker: A speaker turns electricity into sound and is similar to microphone working in reverse. It has a diaphragm with a coil and magnet attached. When electricity flows into a speaker, the diaphragm vibrates and creates sound waves. Speaker is used to receive voice calls and play audio from the device.

Camera: A camera is an optical instrument used to capture still images or to record moving images which are stored in cell phones memory. A camera comprises of three main parts: the sensor, the lens, and the image processor. Light from an image goes through the lens and the sensor detects that light and the image processor uses that information to produce a virtual image.

 

A Cell phone device is a major way of communication in modern era. Cell phones are improving fast and has gone beyond being only a mode of communications. Some cell phone devices now can perform the work of a computer and perform many activities like face reorganization and taking 3D pictures of an object. But all of these new cellphones have the above mentioned components as common. They all have a display where the computations of CPU is visualized and they all have microphone and speakers to transmit sounds.

Work Cited

2.Chris Woodford, Microphones (January 31,2019)

1.Electronicnotes, What’s Inside a Cellphone